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Paradigm Generator
Indicative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtaŋam | om surtaŋ |
| 2SG: | surtaŋat | ot surtaŋ |
| 3SG: | surtaŋeš | ok/ogeš surtaŋ |
| 1PL: | surtaŋə̑na | ona/ogə̑na surtaŋ |
| 2PL: | surtaŋə̑da | oda/ogə̑da surtaŋ |
| 3PL: | surtaŋə̑t | ogə̑t surtaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtaŋə̑m | šə̑m surtaŋ |
| 2SG: | surtaŋə̑č́ | šə̑č́ surtaŋ |
| 3SG: | surtaŋe | ə̑š surtaŋ |
| 1PL: | surtaŋna | ə̑šna surtaŋ |
| 2PL: | surtaŋda | ə̑šda surtaŋ |
| 3PL: | surtaŋə̑č́ | ə̑št surtaŋ |
Indicative Simple Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtaŋə̑nam | surtaŋə̑n omə̑l |
| 2SG: | surtaŋə̑nat | surtaŋə̑n otə̑l |
| 3SG: | surtaŋə̑n | surtaŋə̑n ogə̑l |
| 1PL: | surtaŋə̑nna | surtaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal |
| 2PL: | surtaŋə̑nda | surtaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal |
| 3PL: | surtaŋə̑nə̑t | surtaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l |
Indicative Compound Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtaŋam ə̑l'e | om surtaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | surtaŋat ə̑l'e | ot surtaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | surtaŋeš ə̑l'e | ok/ogeš surtaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | surtaŋə̑na ə̑l'e | ona/ogə̑na surtaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | surtaŋə̑da ə̑l'e | oda/ogə̑da surtaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | surtaŋə̑t ə̑l'e | ogə̑t surtaŋ ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtaŋam ulmaš | om surtaŋ ulmaš |
| 2SG: | surtaŋat ulmaš | ot surtaŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | surtaŋeš ulmaš | ok/ogeš surtaŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | surtaŋə̑na ulmaš | ona/ogə̑na surtaŋ ulmaš |
| 2PL: | surtaŋə̑da ulmaš | oda/ogə̑da surtaŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | surtaŋə̑t ulmaš | ogə̑t surtaŋ ulmaš |
Indicative Compound Past III
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtaŋə̑nam ə̑l'e | surtaŋə̑n omə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | surtaŋə̑nat ə̑l'e | surtaŋə̑n otə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | surtaŋə̑n ə̑l'e | surtaŋə̑n ogə̑l ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | surtaŋə̑nna ə̑l'e | surtaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | surtaŋə̑nda ə̑l'e | surtaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | surtaŋə̑nə̑t ə̑l'e | surtaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ə̑l'e |
Indicative Compound Past IV
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtaŋə̑nam ulmaš | surtaŋə̑n omə̑l ulmaš |
| 2SG: | surtaŋə̑nat ulmaš | surtaŋə̑n otə̑l ulmaš |
| 3SG: | surtaŋə̑n ulmaš | surtaŋə̑n ogə̑l ulmaš |
| 1PL: | surtaŋə̑nna ulmaš | surtaŋə̑n onal/ogə̑nal ulmaš |
| 2PL: | surtaŋə̑nda ulmaš | surtaŋə̑n odal/ogə̑dal ulmaš |
| 3PL: | surtaŋə̑nə̑t ulmaš | surtaŋə̑n ogə̑tə̑l ulmaš |
Imperative
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | surtaŋ | it surtaŋ |
| 3SG: | surtaŋže | ə̑nže surtaŋ |
| 1PL: | (surtaŋə̑na) | (ona/ogə̑na surtaŋ) |
| 2PL: | surtaŋza | ida surtaŋ |
| 3PL: | surtaŋə̑št | ə̑nə̑št surtaŋ |
Desiderative Present
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtaŋnem | ə̑nem surtaŋ |
| 2SG: | surtaŋnet | ə̑net surtaŋ |
| 3SG: | surtaŋneže | ə̑než surtaŋ |
| 1PL: | surtaŋnena | ə̑nena surtaŋ |
| 2PL: | surtaŋneda | ə̑neda surtaŋ |
| 3PL: | surtaŋnešt | ə̑nešt surtaŋ |
Desiderative Past I
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | surtaŋnem ə̑l'e | ə̑nem surtaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2SG: | surtaŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑net surtaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3SG: | surtaŋneže ə̑l'e | ə̑než surtaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 1PL: | surtaŋnena ə̑l'e | ə̑nena surtaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 2PL: | surtaŋneda ə̑l'e | ə̑neda surtaŋ ə̑l'e |
| 3PL: | surtaŋnešt ə̑l'e | ə̑nešt surtaŋ ə̑l'e |
Desiderative Past II
| Positive | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG: | / | / |
| 2SG: | surtaŋnet ulmaš | ə̑net surtaŋ ulmaš |
| 3SG: | surtaŋneže ulmaš | ə̑než surtaŋ ulmaš |
| 1PL: | / | / |
| 2PL: | surtaŋneda ulmaš | ə̑neda surtaŋ ulmaš |
| 3PL: | surtaŋnešt ulmaš | ə̑nešt surtaŋ ulmaš |
Non-finite forms
| Infinitive: | surtaŋaš |
| Necessitive infinitive: | surtaŋman |
| Active participle: | surtaŋše |
| Passive participle: | surtaŋme |
| Future-necessitive participle: | surtaŋšaš |
| Negative participle: | surtaŋdə̑me |
| Affirmative instructive gerund: | surtaŋə̑n |
| Negative gerund: | surtaŋde |
| Gerund of prior action: | surtaŋmek(e) |
| Gerund of future action: | surtaŋmeš(ke) |
| Gerund of simultaneous action: | surtaŋšə̑la |
| Nominalization: | surtaŋmaš |
| Negative nominalization: | surtaŋdə̑maš |
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| Last update: 10 August 2023 | ||